The Pogrom of Jews in Lvov, 1941.

Below is a serie of photos of the Lvov pogrom of 1941. The Jewish pogrom in the city of Lvov (Lviv, Lwow, Lemberg) in Western Ukraine was organised by  Germans and "Ukrainian people's militia" (the Ukranian Nazi collaborators from so called OUN - Organisation of Ukranian Nationalists). The pogrom took place the first days of German occupation as a prelude to total extermination of  Lvov Jews.

On the photos below - the scenes of street violence, beatings by stones, sticks, humiliation of women by public undressing, the humilation in the form of washing sidewalks, marches on the knees and with hands up across the city, the scenes of brutal arrests of Jews in the streets by Ukranian Nazi militia, which escorted them to forced works in former NKVD prisons in the city. In those prisons after various beatings and humilations they were shot dead in the courtyards. The total number of victims of the pogrom estimated to be between 2 and 7 thousands people.



Beating by the sticks...


 

Young Ukranians throw stones at Jewish woman.

  



 The same woman...

  



A girl with a mother or other relative beaten by the mob. 

                                          
                          

The same couple...One of the most horrific pictures of the Lvov pogrom of 1941.  
 
                                               


Probably the same elderly woman from the previous 2 photos.


                                                                 
                                             
                        
The humilation by forced undressing begins.

                    


                                                                                                                                                                                 Probably the same woman being undressed.

                                  
                                   

Naked victim in the middle of the mob.

                                                                                                                                                                                                   


The same woman and Ukranian pogromists nearby. 


                           
                                                                       


Lviv pogromists full of hate.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    


Another humilation of woman by the mob . 
  
 


 Two Ukraninan pogromists attacking a Jewish woman.

   



One of the personelly identified pogromists  - the Nazi collaborator Ivan Kovalishin from Ukranian militia of OUN (Organisation of Ukranian nationalists). He is appearing on 2 photos of pogrom, both are the scenes of the humilation of women.  The Lviv pogrom of 1941 was a sort of carnival for some locals - look at the man in the center of the right photo.   
  


Another personally identified pogromist from Ukraninan militia: Michaiel Pecharsky.    
  


Naked Jew sauvagely beaten.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                
Jews are cleaning the street in the center of Lvov.  Just like in Vienna pogrom of 1938.
  
                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Ukranian pogromists are happy this day. A Ukranian Nazi militiaman with the armband is on the right of the photo.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         



The same Jew from the photo above is forced to kiss a statue of Lenin. The Nazi doctrine of Judeo-Bolshevism in action. One of the pogromists - in Ukraninan national shirt with decorative pattern ("vyshyvanka").
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               On the way to former prison of NKVD. The  German soldier doesnt try to stop a violence. Lviv pogrom of 1941 was  German-inspired Aktionen.


                 



Ukranian militiaman with the armband ans stick humilating a woman.   

               


                                                                                                                                                                Another Jews on the knees.   
  
                                                                                                                                                               



The Ukranian Nazi collaborators are convoying the Jews toward city prisons. 

               


The same scene in another place of the city. The Lviv pogrom of 1941 took place in many places of city in the same time. The overall plan was to take Jews to work in prisons of NKVD. The Nazi propaganda followng the doctrine of "judeo-bloshevism" blamed Jews for NKVD atrocities.


                                                                                                                                                                                                     The Jews are beaten by the mob along the road to city prisons.

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Pogromist beating an elderly Jew.   

                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

Inside the prison. The guard with the armband is the Ukranian Nazi collaborator from militia.
  


The violence continued inside the prison. 

 


The forcible work in prison. The exhumation of decomposing bodies of NKVD victims. No gloves on the workers.

 


Another Ukranian Nazi militiaman with the armband..

.                                


beating a Jew by a stick in a prison yard.

  



The worst is just to come. After the day of forcible works, beatings and humilations - the mass execution in the prison. Waiting for the death...
  


The end. The Jews shot dead in the prison courtyard. This photo sometimes is looked by mistake as a victims of NKVD found in prison. But in fact this is a pogrom victims. Unlike the corpses of NKVD victims which were laid out in neat rows, those victims are piled up , the clothes are bright unlike of NKVD ones (which were shot dead 3-4 dayes ago and were dirty and grey). One of the figures in foreground of photo is wearing suspenders - it should be removed if he was a NKVD prisoneer.